In contrast to type 1 diabetes type 2 usually shows less typical symptoms and is therefore usually only discovered late. Frequently, unspecific symptoms occur such as fatigue, weakness, and performance impairment. Also frequent urge to urinate and increased thirst can be signs of diabetes: From a certain blood glucose concentration the excess glucose is excreted via the urine (so-called renal threshold). The sugar-containing urine draws more water than usual, so that the affected persons now have to leave much more water than before. The body compensates for the loss of fluid by creating a strong feeling of thirst.

Other diabetes symptoms may be:

itching

Constant hunger feeling

weight changes

depressive mood

Recurrent urinary tract infections

Badly healing wounds.

Hyperosmolar Coma

The hyperosmolar coma is rare, but typical of type 2 diabetes. In the case of extremely high blood glucose levels, the kidneys divert so much fluid that the body can no longer compensate for loss of drinking. The liquid shortage is on average eight to twelve liters. The body dries increasingly, it can come to consciousness disturbances up to the coma. The causes of hyperosmolar coma are often infectious diseases, treatment with diuretics or the intake of highly sugary food. Symptoms of Allergy.

Regular screening is important to recognize diabetes in good time Diagnosis: Detect diabetes

In order to recognize a type 2 diabetes as early as possible, it is important to participate regularly in the screening examinations and to check the blood glucose level. 7 Steps to Health big Diabetes Lie. This is especially true if you have an increased risk of diabetes. The doctor examines the blood, measures the blood pressure and checks the size and body weight. If diabetes remains undetected for years, cardiovascular disease, damage to the kidneys and eyes, and dangerous circulatory disorders on the feet and legs can develop. However, if diabetes or its pre-stages are recognized and treated in a timely manner, the disease and its sequelae can be avoided.

For the diagnosis of diabetes, the doctor measures the following values:

Fasting blood sugar

Occasional blood sugar (blood glucose measured at any time)

Oral glucose tolerance test  

Long-term blood sugar (HbA 1c value)

Fasting blood sugar

The value is determined in the morning before breakfast, so sober. You should not eat anything at least four hours before the blood sampling and also avoid calorie-containing drinks, coffee, black tea and smoking. The fasting glucose or fasting glucose testifies to the presence of diabetes if the value is at least 126 mg / dl or 7.0 mmol / l in the blood plasma. Values ​​between 110 and 125 mg / dl are considered marginal. There may be a diabetes pre-stage (disturbed glucose tolerance). For further testing, an oral glucose tolerance test (sugar load test) is often performed.

Oral glucose tolerance test

This study is used to identify pre-existing diabetes, in which the blood glucose is increased only at times, especially after eating. Three days before the examination you should eat normally and with enough carbohydrates as well as abstain from smoking. The test is performed in the morning in a sober condition, which means you should not eat 10 hours before. For the test drink a liquid with 75 g sugar. The blood glucose is measured before and two hours after drinking. If he is at least 200 mg / dl or 11.1 mmol / l after two hours, diabetes is present.

Opportunity Blood Sugar

In the presence of diabetes, the casual blood glucose is at least 200 mg / dl or 11.1 mmol / l.

Long-term blood sugar (HbA 1c value)

The HbA 1c (glycohemoglobin) is the dye of the red blood cells (hemoglobin), which is linked to sugar residues. This value indicates how high the concentration of the blood glucose was in the last six to eight weeks, and is therefore also referred to as long-term blood glucose or blood glucose memory. Diabetes occurs when the HbA 1c value is at least 6.5% or 48 mmol / mol. Also in the course of a diabetes treatment, the value is important: An increased HbA 1c indicates a poor adjustment of the blood glucose.